Historical Facts about H.P.

1. Izzuddin Khalid Khani translated 1300 books taken into possession by Feroz Shah Tughaq from Jawalamukhi temple, into Persian and named after the sultan & called ‘Dalail-i-Firozshahi’.

2. 6th Guru Hargovind established the town of Kirtapur.

3. 9th Gugu Teg Bahadur established the town Anandpur.

4. Sikhs were organised into 12 groups popularly known as misals.

5. Jasa Singh Ramgarhia first sikh chief to invade hill territory in 1770 AD. Kangra, Kullu and Chamba were made tributary to the Ramgarhia.

6. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia was defeated in 1775AD by Jai Singh Kanhaiya and assumed the sovereignty of the Kangra group of states.

7. An alliance formed in 1783 between Maha Singh Sukerchakia and Raja Sansar Chand assisted by Jassa Singh Ramgarhia defeated Jai Singh Kanhaiya.

8. Raja Sansar Chand got the possession of Kangra fort in 1786.

9. Raja Mahan Chand invited Amar Singh Thapa to defeat Sansar Chand.

10. Kullu Dashehra: - The famous idol of Lord Raghunath was brought from Ayodhya in July
1651 by Damodar Dass and was installed in Kullu by Raja Jagat Singh.

11. Lavi : - the most ancient trade fair held in early November every year at Rampur Bushahr.

12. The idea of ‘Nalwari fair” was by W. Goldstein.

13. Suhi fair of Chamba, only woman and children can take part in the fair. Suhi fair is celebrated in the memory of Rani Naina Devi who sacrificed herself and was instrumental in bringing water to Chamba town.

14. Over 30 distinct dialects have been counted to be in existence in H.P.

15. The dialect spoken in the Rampur Bushahr, Kumarsain and Kotgarh regions and in the nearby parts of the Satluj valley is called Kochi.

16. The kinnauri dialect, called ‘Homskad’ is the mother tongue of nearly 75% of the population of Kinnaur.

17. The ‘Tankari’ is a modified form of the Sharda script.

18. Panj-Patra and ‘Devku’ are the popular songs of Mandi whereas Gangi and Mohana are the popular songs of Bilaspur.

19. Dharam Chand Natak was written in 1562 AD by Manik Chand.

20. Koti, Theog, Madhan, Ghund and Ratesh were tributaries of Keonthal.

21. Khaneti and Deilath were tributaries of Bushahr.

22. Rawin and Dhadi were tributaries of Jubbal.

Important Geographical Facts -1

1. Suez Canal connects Mediterranean Sea with Red sea. It was built in 1869 by French Engineer and was nationalized in 1956.

2. Panama Canal connects the Atlantic Ocean with Pacific Oceans.

3. Keil Canal connects North Sea with Baltic Sea.

4. Durand line: - Boundary line between Pakistan and Afganistan.

5. McMohan Line : - Boundary line between India & China.

6. Maginot Line: - Boundary line between France and Germany.

7. Radcliff Line: - Boundary line between India and Pakistan.

8. 38^th Parallel: - Boundary between North and South Korea.

9. 49^th Parallel: - Boundary line between USA & Canada.

10. Hindenberg Line: - Boundary line between Germany and Poland.

11. Great Wall of China: It is world’s longest human made structure, stretching some 4,000miles (6400km). The best known section was built around 200BC by the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang Di.

12. Red sea separates Asia from Africa.

13. Dead sea lies along the West Bank of Jordan, It is the World’s lowest lake.

14. Lake Baikal is located in the southern part of eastern Siberia. It is the deepest continental body of water on the Earth having a maximum depth of 1620m.

15. Denmark, Iceland,Norway, Sweden and Finland are collectively known as ‘Scandinavia’.

16. Latvia, Estonia and Lithunia are collectively known as Baltic countries.

17. Most densely populated country in the world – Monaco.

18. India receives about 90% of its rainfall in summer from the South-west Monsoons.

19. Different Types of Cyclones: - Typhoons occurs in the China Sea, Tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean, Hurricanes in the West Indian Islands in the Caribbean, Tornadoes in the Guinea lands of West Africa and the Southern USA & Willy-willy occur in north-western Australia.

20. Total surface area of the earth is approximately 510 million sq. Km.

Some Facts about H.P.

1. Trout Fish was introduced for the first time in Pabar and Andhra stream in 1838-39 by – Mr. Glover.

2. Kinner Kailash also known as Raldang has an altitude of 6500m.

3. Kalsi, which is known for rock inscription by Ashoka, is at the confluence of the Tons and the Yamuna in the Jaunsar Bawar region.

4. King Ashoka sent his daughter Charumati to Nepal and Majjhima to the Himalayan region.

5. The Mudrarakshasa mentions that Chandragupta was opposed by a coalition of five kings among whom the name of Chitravarma of Kuluta is mentioned.

6. Hiuen-Tsang stayed in India from A.D. 630-644.

7. Chandra was the ruler of Trigarta, an ally of Gujara (Gujrat) when Shankaravarma of Kashmir attacted Gujara.

8. Thakurais of Koti, Madhan, Ghund, Theog and Ratesh were part of Keonthal State.

9. Raja Hira Chand of Bilaspur, Raja Shyam Singh of Chamba and Raja Bijai Sen of Mandi attended the Delhi Darbar in 1877 A.D.

10. Raja Amar Prakash of Sirmaur, Raja Amar Chand of Bilaspur,Raja Bijai Sen of Keonthal, Raja Bhim Sen of Suket, Raja Bhuri Singh of Chamba, Rana Bhagat Chand of Jubbal and Rana Dalip Singh of Bhagat attended the Coronation Darbar in December 1911.

11. The principle of deposing the ruler in case of mis-management or oppressive rule was applied in the hills only in case of Suket (Raja Ruder Sen) & Bhajji (Rana Bir Pal Singh).

12. A permanent consultative body of the princes known as Chamber of Princes, also known as Narendra Mandal came into existence in 1921.

13. Raja of Kangra who orgainsed a confederation of all the hill chiefs between Jammu and Kangra in 1588-89A.D. against the supremacy of the Mughal Emperor Akabar – Bidhi Chand.

14. The people of Suket revolved against the ruler and his minister Narotam in the year – 1876.

15. The people of Nalagarh revolved against the atrocities of Ghulam Qadir Khan in the year - 1876.

16. Bhoomi Bandobast Abhiyan’ in Bilaspur – 1930.

17. All India State Peoples Conference was held at Ludhiana in the year – 1939.

18. A meeting of Shimla Hill States Praja Mandal was held under the chairmanship of Bhag Mal Sautha on 13^th July, 1939.

19. Himalayan Riyasti Praja Mandal was organised in December, 1939.

20. Yashwant Singh Parmar resigned from the post of District and session judge in the year 1941, owing to political differences with Raja Rajendra Prakash.

21. Sirmaur Association was organised by Y.S. Parmar in 1943-46 in Delhi to mobilise Sirmauris to fight for their democratic rights.

22. Himalayan Hill States Regional Council was established with its headquarters at Shimla.

23. Himalayan Prant Provisional Government headed b Shivanand Ramaul, was established with headquarters at Shimla.

Nick Name

1. Anna - C.N. Annadurai

2. Bapu - Mahatma Gandhi

3. Bard of Avon - Shakespeare

4. C.R. - Chakravarti Rajagopalachari

5. Deenbandhu - C.F. Andrews

6. Deshbandhu - C.R. Das

7. Desert Fox - General Rommel

8. Feuhrer- Hitler

9. Frontier Gandhi- Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan

10. Father of English poetry- Chaucer

11. Grand Old Man of India - Dadabhai Naroji

12. Gurudev- R.N. Tagore

13. II Duce - Benito Mussolini

14. Iron Duke- Duke of Wellington

15. Iron Man of India- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

16. J.P. - Jayaprakash Narayan.

17. Lady with the Lamp - Florence Nightingale

18. Lion of Punjab - Maharaja Ranjit Singh

19. Lokmanya - B.G. Tilak.

20. Mahamana - Madan Mohan Malaviya

21. Man of Destiny- Napoleon

22. Maid of Orleans - Joan of Arc

23. Man of Blood & iron- Bismarck

24. Netaji- S.C. Bose

25. Nightingale of India - Sarojini Naidu

26. Punjab Kesari - Lala Lajpat Rai

27. Rajaji - C. Rajagopalchari

28. Saint of the Gutters - Mother Teresa

29. The Enlightened one - Gautam Buddha

30. Man of Destiny - Napoleon